Public funding of failing banks in the European Union (LBF vol. 19) 2020/3.4.2:3.4.2 The geographical scope

Public funding of failing banks in the European Union (LBF vol. 19) 2020/3.4.2

3.4.2 The geographical scope

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The framework for State aid control, as contained in Articles 107 and 108 TFEU applies to ‘undertakings’ established in the EU. Undertakings in EFTA States participating in the EEA (Norway, Iceland and Liechtenstein) are therefore not covered by the framework for State aid control as contained in Articles 107 and 108 TFEU. The State aid rules for these countries are contained in Part IV, Chapter 2 of the EEA Agreement. These State aid rules are broadly equivalent to the State aid rules in the TFEU. The State aid rules in the EEA Agreement are enforced by the EFTA Surveillance Authority. In its enforcement of the rules, the EFTA Surveillance Authority has equivalent powers and similar functions to those of the Commission.

In relation to the EFTA State that does not participate in the EEA (Switzerland) there is no single, centralized State aid control. One exception is the aviation sector, where the Swiss Competition Commission monitors compliance with State aid rules, as a consequence of a bilateral air transport agreement with the EU. In addition, a free trade agreement between Switzerland and the EU dating from 1972 contains a State aid prohibition modelled on the EU State aid prohibition.1

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