Einde inhoudsopgave
Exit rights of minority shareholders in a private limited company (IVOR nr. 72) 2010/1.1.2
1.1.2 Majority rule
mr. dr. P.P. de Vries, datum 03-05-2010
- Datum
03-05-2010
- Auteur
mr. dr. P.P. de Vries
- JCDI
JCDI:ADS405216:1
- Vakgebied(en)
Ondernemingsrecht (V)
Voetnoten
Voetnoten
Dutch law allows shares without voting rights, further to Art. 2:228 paragraph 5 DCC. Nonetheless, it is not possible for a BV to have only shares without voting right. Pursuant to art. 2:175 paragraph 1 DCC, there should always be at least one share with voting rights held by someone other than the company and not for the account of the company or any of its subsidiaries.
Inter alia: Art. 2:243 paragraph 2 DCC, Art. 2:244 paragraph 2 DCC, and Art. 2:254 paragraph 2 DCC.
Art. 2:230 paragraph 1 DCC. Cf. HR 17 May 1991, NJ 1991, 645 (Tonnema), r.o. 3.4.; the legislative history of the rules on the SE (Parliamentary Papers II 2003/04, 29 309, no. 3, p. 9 (MvT)); the legislative history of the rules on cross-border mergers (Parliamentary Papers II 2006/07, 30 929, no. 3, p. 17 (MvT)); the legislative history of the law on BVs (Parliamentary Papers II 2006/07, 31 058, no. 3, p. 18 (MvT)).
A share in a BV entitles its holder inter alia to certain voice rights, such as the right to attend the general meeting, the right to speak in this general meeting and the right to exercise voting rights with respect to proposed resolutions at this event.1 The aforementioned voice rights offer shareholders control within the company, more particularly at the general meeting. Usually, the general meeting adopts resolutions to appoint and dismiss managing directors and other resolutions that have a major impact on the company. As a starting point, all resolutions are adopted by the general meeting by an ordinary majority of votes cast. Sometimes, a higher threshold or a quorum is prescribed by statute or the articles of association. A rule requiring unanimity of the votes cast is uncommon Occasionally, Dutch statute even prescribes a maximum threshold and maximum quorum, which cannot be increased in the articles of association.2 Consequently, as a basic principle of the law on BVs, the majority can bind the minority.3 This principle is known as majority rule.