Remedies for infringements of EU law in legal relationships between private parties (LBF vol. 18) 2019/6.3.5:6.3.5 Necessity of a civil remedy

Remedies for infringements of EU law in legal relationships between private parties (LBF vol. 18) 2019/6.3.5

6.3.5 Necessity of a civil remedy

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289. In principle, the necessity element of the proportionality principle concerns two questions. First, whether there are less onerous alternatives at hand, and, second, whether the remedy does not go beyond what is necessary to achieve the legitimate objective pursued.1 If there are no less onerous alternatives at hand and if the remedy is not excessive, the measure is assumed to be necessary to achieve the aim pursued.2 The second question frequently overlaps with the element of proportionality stricto sensu, which in such cases is considered at the same time as the necessity of the measure.3

6.3.5.1 Civil remedies are necessary6.3.5.2 The civil remedies may not be excessive

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