Sustainability Reporting in capital markets: A Black Box? (ZIFO nr. 30) 2022/1.3.1.1:1.3.1.1 Two leading European countries: Sweden and the Netherlands. A mandatory approach to sustainability reporting

Sustainability Reporting in capital markets: A Black Box? (ZIFO nr. 30) 2022/1.3.1.1

1.3.1.1 Two leading European countries: Sweden and the Netherlands. A mandatory approach to sustainability reporting

Deze functie is alleen te gebruiken als je bent ingelogd.Deze functie is alleen te gebruiken als je bent ingelogd.Deze functie is alleen te gebruiken als je bent ingelogd.

Sweden and the Netherlands are amongst the frontrunners in the development and implementation of mandatory sustainability reporting.1 The most significant mandatory developments concerning sustainability reporting in the world are registered, since the 1990s, in the northern European countries. Robert Gray et al. (1996) stated precisely that, as translated below.

By the mi-1990s, regulations requiring corporate disclosure of both financial and non- financial details about the environment were emerging from Denmark, the Netherlands and the Scandinavian countries. This was providing an inexorable impetus to the inevitability of company environmental reporting. (p. 169)

This is the main reason for the country selection. Among others, the proximity of the countries, the language2 and openness of these countries by sharing information contributed to this choice.

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